They can be quite effective, if it's encouraged and supported from the top down. What I've seen work is if you experiment with 4-day work weeks or reduced weekly hours (e.g. working 32 hours across 5 days), be intentional about hours of operations and set those expectations with the team. It’s important to be clear about expectations and boundaries to dismantle old philosophies about more hours = more committed employee.
I like the idea of them for sure but think it depends on how they're managed. Some companies keep pay the same but reduce total hours, so four eight-hour shifts, effectively creating a raise at an hourly rate.
Some just do four ten-hour shifts.
I see arguments for both sides but think the work-life balance could be a lot better for a four-day work week. If I was at a company that had the option of trying it out, I would. However having it as an option could create some difficulties, i.e., "We can't hold this meeting on Friday because Janic is on the four-day schedule and isn't here."
Tangle